The Study Of Motivation In Sport Physical Education Essay

The Study Of Motivation In Sport Physical Education Essay This evaluated research is on inspiration in sport. An assortment of definitions and ways to deal with the investigation inspiration will be examined. One of the types of inspiration being talked about will be characteristic and outward inspiration. Inborn inspirations are significant for advancing fulfillment and long haul cooperation in sport. There are three hypothetical ways to deal with the investigation of inborn inspiration: social, intellectual, and persuasive. Scientists have discovered that the inherent inspiration of competitors appears to be critical for long haul contribution, and adjusted execution in sport. Extraneous inspiration alludes to inspiration that originates from outside a person. The persuading factors are outer, or outside, prizes, for example, cash or evaluations. These prizes give fulfillment and delight that the assignment itself may not give. Another type of inspiration has to do with sex. Investigates have verified that there are inspirational contrast s among male and female games. Its likewise been resolved that male and female competitors have various qualities and shortcomings inside the persuasive atmosphere. Some itemized contrasts expressed were that men had more elevated levels of inspiration in rivalry, social affirmation, quality and perseverance, where ladies had more grounded inspiration to control weight. The last factor I will cover is social impact on inspiration. Prologue to your Research Topic Deci, et al. (1999) express that inherent inspiration can likewise be upgraded by expanding a people impression of self-rule and fitness. Deci, et al. (1999) additionally demonstrated that exploration upheld the possibility that outward inspirations sway on inborn inspiration was affected by the controlling idea of those extraneous prizes. For example, positive criticism that isn't viewed as controlling would almost certainly add to a people apparent skill and positively affect their natural inspiration. Vallerand (2000) takes a gander at inspiration in a multidimensional way that includes more than the polarity of inborn and outward inspiration. He expresses that inspiration for both is on a continuum that ranges from a high to low level of assurance and that works on three unmistakable levels: worldwide (ones by and large broad inspiration), logical (in a particular area or field, for example, training or sports), and situational (the present time and place). At every one of these levels people can have diverse inspiration levels (both inherent and outward). For instance, one could be exceptionally inherently spurred to take an interest in sports, yet less naturally propelled with respect to instruction (logical). Be that as it may, if an individual is feeling sick or tired, they might not have the equivalent natural inspiration to take an interest in sports exercises that day (situational). Outward rewards could be applied to both and affect situational inspiration in both the short and long haul. For instance, that individual may be profoundly energetic to excel on a test and get a passing mark (outward inspiration) with the goal that they can be qualified to play on their games group (inborn inspiration). V allerand (2000) hypothesizes that rehashed degrees of low degrees of situational natural inspiration will probably have a lessening impact on the bigger relevant inherent inspiration. He features research done on inspiration to play b-ball where inborn persuasive levels were influenced by situational persuasive levels during competition games. This examination has numerous ramifications for associations and instructive circumstances. While understanding that outward inspiration is one of the primary drivers of the business world, remuneration and other impetus bundles need to address their effect on characteristic inspiration and be created in manners that will lessen the unfavorable effects or potentially even add to the inborn persuasive levels. More exploration on genuine circumstances would be advantageous. Foundation of the Research Topic Inspiration in sports and exercise has been concentrated throughout the only remaining century yet just in ongoing decades has inspiration by sexual orientation been examined. concentrates in the zone of inspiration by sexual orientation in these games and exercise fields: individual and group activities and exercise, combative techniques, ball, volleyball, olympic style events, and general games cooperation and exercise (Kilpatrick, Hebert, Bartholomew, 2005). These outcomes were the most reliable all through the reports with different similitudes and contrasts noted with each investigation. Natural and extraneous inspiration are both versatile and change in light of explicit circumstances and life events. While difficult to characterize, inherent inspiration can be depicted as an inward drive to play out a movement. While outward inspiration is attributed to an outer persuading source that drives activity. It is hypothesized that individuals credit their conduct either to an inner or outside source. Inherent inspiration corresponds emphatically to when individuals quality their inspiration to inner sources, while extraneous inspiration is associated to faith in an outer hotspot for their conduct (Wiersma, U. J., 1992). Outward inspiration, by definition, is variable since it is an outer help one can change the prize or outside source (for example measure of cash extended to do an employment opportunity, input on execution, and so forth.). Meta-examination of inherent and outward persuasive exploration by Deci, Koestner and Ryan (1999) found that natural inspiration is adversely influenced when substantial extraneous inspiration is connected to the conduct. This sabotaging of inherent inspiration is proposed to be the aftereffect of an apparent diminishing in self-rule and competency by the individual getting the extraneous prize. Self-assurance Theory expresses that people have three characteristic needs: self-rule, ability, and relatedness. Of these, self-rule and capability are the primary drivers of natural inspiration (Franken, 2002). In this way we see that inborn inspiration can be changed by including an extraneous spurring segment. Inspiration is a pivotal factor inside the game and exercise field. Getting what and how inspiration functions is similarly significant. In light of these audits sex likewise assumes a job inside the persuasive atmosphere. Studies have uncovered varieties in persuasive factors inside every sexual orientation. In Chie-der, Chen, Hung-yu, and Li-Kangs diary 87 male and 87 female ball players from the HBL were chosen for the examination. Four examination surveys were utilized to quantify four marvels: members objective direction, the persuasive atmosphere they saw, saw individual athletic capacity, saw individual game related certainty (Chie-der, Chen, Hung-yu, Li-Kang,2003). Utilizing a t test sexual orientation contrasts were identified. Guys would in general record higher scores than females for sports related certainty factors. Guys scored higher inside sense of self direction, saw capacity, and in physical execution. Females would in general score higher in task direction, saw task atmosphere, and administration styles (Chie-der, Chen, Hung-yu, Li-Kang,2003).â Various investigations have analyzed the topic of whether there are contrasts in youth intentions across sports, age, sexual orientation, and culture and recommend that youngsters or teenagers are dependent upon the ecological impacts in their inspiration to take an interest in certain physical exercises. Accordingly, exploring the assorted varieties in inspiration of interest may reveal insight into the basic reasons of why youngsters or teenagers partake in different types of physical action or sports. Effect on sports Sexual orientation: In Kilpatrick, Hebert, Bartholomews study 233 understudies were examined, 132 ladies, 101 men. The reason behind this examination was to think about games interest and exercise inspiration through a profoundly separated size of physical action. The subsequent goal was to research the effect of sex on inspiration. This examination verified that men were all the more profoundly energetic then ladies when it arrived at perseverance and quality, social acknowledgment, challenge, and most remarkably rivalry, where ladies were increasingly spurred by weight the executives (Kilpatrick, Hebert, Bartholomew, 2005). It was additionally proposed in this examination that inspirations to take part in sports varied from sparks to participate in work out. It was likewise noticed that a greater amount of the wellbeing related intentions were connected to practice restricted to sports investment subsequently showing that sports support are all the more firmly identified with inherent thought processe s. It was proposed that dependent on these discoveries that men inclined all the more near inherent inspiration then ladies. This examination further suggested that men saw exercise and wellness open doors as a way to accomplish self image related objectives that help their games support where as ladies appeared to appreciate exercise and sports cooperation similarly (Kilpatrick, Hebert, Bartholomew, 2005). In Murcia, Gimeno, and Colls study 413 competitors finished an apparent persuasive atmosphere in sports survey. The example was involved 322 young men and 91 young ladies, sports included individual and group activities. This examination utilized the MANOVA to break down the impacts of sexual orientation, objective directions, and view of persuasive atmosphere and its stream. The discoveries indicated that guys had a more grounded sense of self direction that all the more explicitly included discipline for mistakes at that point did females. Females were progressively disposed to recognize an inspirational atmosphere orientated towards learning (Murcia, Gimeno, and Coll,2008). In Jones, Mackay, and Peters diary 17,463 members took an interest in a survey. This investigation contrasted from the others in this survey. It noticed no huge sexual orientation contrasts, it additionally noticed that the four most significant inspirations for both male and females were connection, wellness, expertise improvement, and companionship, this contradicted to the three least compelling sparks which were reward/status, situational, and co

Management Skills and Entrepreneurship

Business Description The business has created out of the need to make work for youngsters in Amman who happen to be talented in calligraphy. The thought is an individual item that has been in presence since adolescence. Coming up next is in this way a depiction of the business from its commencement, structure, and ownership.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Management Skills and Entrepreneurship explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organization that will be set up will be under the name H.T, which is gotten from the initials of the association. The wellspring of the capital is from a neighborhood bank in Amman combined with investment funds of the accomplices. The primary result of the business will be male adornments. This choice depends available requirement for this item since business condition in the UK has quite a bit of female jewelleries and less of the male jewelleries (Bean 2007, p.17). The accessible outlets for the jewelleries are li kewise rather costly and tedious since the exchange is overwhelmed by a bunch of organizations offering comparable items. At the point when built up, this business will give the populace a decision when looking for gems other than making a feeling of fulfillment since every item will be extraordinary. The greater part of customers in the UK has likewise changed with an ever increasing number of men being engaged with shopping and settling on money related choices. With the well performing economy, the populace will have more cash available to its. The organization to be set up intends to set up a compelling showcasing methodology to draw in purchasers everything being equal and ethnicities. Amman was picked to fill in as the central station for the business and as a wellspring of work crude material and assets required (Government in Jordan 1978 p.13) in light of the fact that it gives a decent focus to the exchange. Amman is known internationally for her excellent high quality trim mings, which have generally been women’s decorations (Jordan 1989, p.28). The populace is to a great extent talented in making the adornments. This makes the advertising system for the capital and the nation when all is said in done (Skinner 2003, p.15: South 2008, p. 12). Calligraphy is a workmanship that goes back in the nation to the Middle Ages as prove by the revelation of antiquated gems in the ancient locales in the nation (Herr 1983, p.45).Advertising Looking for paper on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The masterpieces have anyway been promoted in the nation alone without abuse of the universal market. The adornments will be produced using distinctive crude materials for start. Customers will be given the decision of choosing the sort of gems they need. Generally, the gems has been produced using metals, for example, gold, silver, and bronze. This choice made the evaluating high for the regular market. This business undertaking focuses to make modest adornments for the low pay showcases in the UK, just as the high society advertise along these lines making a space for decision between the materials utilized. The capital required is evaluated at a hundred thousand US dollars conveyed as far as gear, work, and fare cost. The three expenses speak to the biggest budgetary necessities of the organization. Structures The organization expects to begin the exchange by utilizing an old distribution center that has been revamped. The stockroom is sufficiently large to house the workplaces of the organization in one segment and the assembling region in one section. The floor size is additionally enough for capacity. There are additionally plans to buy more workplaces in a portion of the workplace obstructs in downtown Amman with different plans being in the propelled stage to gain a stockroom in the edges of London. This will establish the primary structures claimed by th e organization. The rest will be procured relying upon the interest, market, and amount delivered. Resources The advantages that the organization means to obtain and possess incorporate devices utilized for the trim of the metallic adornments, etching apparatuses, brushes, cameras, defensive garments, land for setting up the business, and a stockroom for capacity of the merchandise holding back to be sent out to the UK. The organization additionally means to procure a van to move the items to the air terminal. With time, more will be procured to encourage the development of the staff and the exchange hardware. A portion of different resources that the organization means to secure incorporate cranes to move the huge boxes, forklifts, and notice assets.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Management Skills and Entrepreneurship explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Goals and Objectives The organization has thought of objectives and destinations to co ntrol it later on improvements. These have been depicted as long haul and present moment with the timespan to be accomplished characterizing the two. In the drawn out objectives, the organization focuses to be the main fare organization in Jordan managing calligraphy. The other objective incorporates expanding the total assets to a billion dollar organization with branches everywhere throughout the UK and somewhere else in Europe. The organization likewise focuses to be the pioneer in innovative work in the nation of Jordan making work to a minor thousand individuals both here and in the UK. The momentary objectives for the organization are those to be accomplished inside a time of a year. The main transient objective is to twofold the gross deals at regular intervals. Also, the organization focuses to twofold the overall revenues inside a similar period. The deals of adornments is the third momentary objective. The organization focuses to make in excess of a thousand deals inside t he initial two months of its commencement in the UK. The fourth momentary objective is to control a huge piece of the pie of the male gems inside the principal year. The last transient objective includes the presentation of new items into the market with the organization focusing to present women’s gems in the market before the finish of that year. Theory The company’s reasoning depends on the need to make work for the young in Amman by giving modest and quality gems to the UK showcase. The present picture of the organization is that of a little firm with the craving to extend in the UK. The picture the firm expects to make is that of a huge organization and a market head in adornments and gracefully of decorations in the UK. The organization is centered around accomplishing its set objectives and goals as administered by the laws detailed by the partners.Advertising Searching for exposition on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Lawful structure The business is an association with individuals being drawn from the Capital, Amman, and having the normal enthusiasm of bringing in cash and acting naturally adequate. The accomplices incorporate H.K and T. A from whom the business name is inferred. Every part bases the sharing of the benefits and other running expenses on the commitments. The individuals anyway own business in equivalent extents. In this way, the sharing of the benefits is on a 50-50 premise. The legitimate structure isn't fixed. In any case, the organization invites any likeminded investors and accomplices. The commitments they cause will to characterize the extent of the benefits they get after every deal. This will profit the organization by expanding its piece of the pie and capital base other than empowering it to grow to different markets. Area The business is to be set up in the edges of Amman, with an outlet in the capital of the UK. These areas were chosen for a few reasons. Amman was chos en, as depicted above for its expense as far as work and human asset. The expense of the structure, and different things expected to set up the area were moderately modest contrasted with the costs somewhere else. The structure area is on a rent from the past proprietor, and plans are in progress to completely process it. The area is amicable and meagerly populated. This will give a satisfactory situation to business. The floor space will comprise principally of the assembling zone, and will along these lines for the most part house the workers. The transportation offices set up incorporate pulleys for pulling huge boxes, which will contain the crude materials and the finished works. The site likewise has abundant space for leaving, which will oblige the vehicles moving the Jewelry to the air terminal. It is additionally near the air terminal. In this way, security in the territory is additionally satisfactory. There are different organizations in a similar area however they are for the most part associated with the earthenware business. The site is beneficial in light of the fact that the crude materials are simply in the area. A purifying plant is situated in the region to give crude materials to the metallic gems. The second site in London was picked in light of the vital situation to empower and encourage in the showcasing of the gems. This will anyway be changed with time to the focal point of London where there are more clients and dissemination outlets for the organization items. Creation Plan and Quality Control The creation plan for the organization from conveyance of the crude material to the last item is short on the grounds that a large portion of the items will be carefully assembled in this way requiring no advanced procedure. The crude materials will rely upon the specific item. For the wristbands, the crude material will basically be silver and gold with iron being a significant segment. They will be formed into shapes and cut utilizing basic a pparatuses. Covering the subsequent materials will at that point be made utilizing the ideal metals or composites. The assistants to cause them seem delightful will at that point to be included by the craftsmans followed by etching of the adornments by the utilization of calligraphy. This procedure will be followed for the greater part of the jewelleries with the exception of those requiring uncommon procedures. Quality control will be guaranteed by guaranteeing that there is a quality control division in the organization for checking the nature of items other than guaranteeing that solitary those that meet

When Friday Arrives

When Friday Arrives… Oh, hey, the weekends here. Awesome. In other news, the last full week of spring classes has come and gone. I spent last night finishing up the last problem sets I will ever do as a freshman, which is a pretty awesome feeling. All thats left to finish up this semester is the final paper for my humanities classes (remember Arrowsmith? yeah, its on that novel) and, of course, finals. Easier said than done? Yeah, just a little. But this is MIT what were you expecting? ;) Im actually looking forward to this weekend. Earlier tonight, a handful of friends and I went to a performance of four student-written one-act plays put on Dramashop (the same group that put on Suburbia last year). They were pretty good, especially considering they were all written by actual MIT students. Of course, Dramashop wasnt the only club putting on a show tonight Dance Troupe, MIT Symphony Orchestra, and the Chorallaries were also out in full force. I wish Id been able to go to all of these awesome events but, alas, I havent perfected the art of being in multiple places at once. (Yet.) After Dramashop, the aforementioned friends and I headed over to the student center to grab some snacks from LaVerdes, the campus convenience store, and sat around swapping stories and other random humor including a very fun story about various giant confectioneries our group had baked or otherwise encountered recently. Around ten, I met up with another friend Samantha 11 and headed towards Central Square to Toscaninis, everyones favorite local ice cream store (yes, it was a junk food-filled night and it was DELICIOUS). Sam and I have been friends since we were prefrosh, but for the past few weeks weve both pretty busy with our own lives (and problem sets!), so it was awesome to catch up again. Finally, I headed across the river into Boston to meet up with Teresa 11, who was hanging out with a bunch of mutual friends at Theta Xi, yet another of MITs 27 fraternities. And that was also fun. ;) Now, its about four oclock in the morning Boston time and Im currently sitting in my own fraternitys TV lounge, splitting my attention between blogging, the 2012 Facebook group, and reruns of Scrubs. I should get to bed (and I will, soon), but somehow I couldnt resist the urge to write an entry. This weekend is shaping up to be, I think, relatively relaxing. Skullhouse is throwing our Spring Formal this Saturday night, and Teresa and I are going together (draw your own conclusions :D), so it should be a pretty awesome night. We also are going to have our house elections (drum roll please) on Sunday morning, but otherwise Im mostly free and when I say free, I mean free to keep plugging away at my homework. Ah, the joys of MIT. In actuality, I have much, much more to say but for now, Im off to bed. To the incoming prefrosh, have fun with the Next Big Mailing, which I believe many of you have already received and the rest of you will no doubt be getting shortly. Best of luck, in particular, with choosing your Athena names. Basically, do your best to pick a name youll still be happy with using four years down the road, and you should be fine. All right, Im out. Best of luck to you all with finals, APs, IBs, or whatever it is you crazy kids are up to these days.

What Is a Double Major and Is It Right for You

To double major or not? Its a question facing many college students. While pursuing two degrees at one time sounds like an efficient way to get school out of the way, it does mean more work and a tighter schedule. Before you decide to become a double major student, its important to know what it entails and how it can affect your college life. Definition of a Double Major Getting a double major usually means one thing: youre studying for two degrees at the same time. The details of exactly what that looks like during your time in school will vary. Its a good idea to talk to your advisor about the specifics for your school and the programs youre interested in. If you graduate with a double major, you get to list two degrees on your resume. Say, for example, that you majored in both  psychology and sociology. On your resume you can list the following: B.A., Psychology, ABC UniversityB.A., Sociology, ABC University However, earning a double major is much easier said than done. In order to graduate with two degrees, you need to do a lot more work than students graduating with just one major. What Is Involved in a Double Major? Fortunately, you can often use many of the same classes toward both majors if you choose to. If you need, for example, one year of a language to earn a degree at your school, you can use the Spanish class you took as a freshman toward both degrees. This can lighten your  class load, as you wont have to take the second year of language studies. Once you get to upper-level courses, things get more complicated. You may not be allowed to use upper-level courses for both majors. These classes may include those that are not among general education requirements and classes that require prerequisites. Depending on your school or program, you may also be limited to how many classes you can use toward both degrees. For example, you might only be allowed to have four of the courses you took for your psychology degree count toward the ten courses required for your sociology degree. The Challenges of Double Majors While it can open up your career opportunities after graduation, there are definitely some challenges with double majoring. You need to decide to double major early in your college career to take all the classes you need for both majors.You wont have a lot of space in your schedule for electives or classes that you find interesting if they dont count toward your degrees.You can expect to have a very difficult schedule your junior and senior years because nearly all of your classes will be upper-level courses with heavy workloads. The Benefits of Double Majors There are obvious benefits, too. You graduate with two degrees and will have a wealth of information about two fields you (hopefully) love. Considering the pros and cons of double majoring is much easier when you fully understand exactly what a double major looks like at your school. Be sure to discuss your options with your advisor. If youre willing to put in the extra work, you will reap the extra rewards. For the right students, it is well worth the effort.

Structure and Functioning of the Personality in Freudian...

Structure and Functioning of the Personality in Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory Sigmund Freud, as the creator of psychoanalytic theory, has begun his career as a neurologist, treating patients with hypnosis to cure hysteria. Because it had almost no affect on curing the patient, he discovered the method of free association, in which patients say whatever comes to their mind. By listening and noticing what patients were saying, he found some similarities in their memories of dreams and their childhood memories. For an easier understanding he compared our mind to an iceberg. One part (that is above the surface) represents our conscious mind; the other part (that is under the surface) represents our†¦show more content†¦The concept of the unconscious mind is perhaps Freud’s biggest contribution to psychology. His bigger question was still at a distance: What is the biggest force that motivates our behavior? Of all biological influences, Freud thought that sexuality was the most powerful and that all pleasure is based in the sexual drive. Yet, he had to discover how does this basic drive result in so many forms of behavior? Freud had also an early description of human motivation, which stated that we are driven to maximize pleasure and to avoid pain or unpleasantness. It is so-called pleasure principle. Freud wanted to explain how the unconscious operates and therefore he suggested that it is structured of three major parts: id, ego and superego. The Id (Latin, it in English) is the most primitive part of the personality that responds to instincts, tries to avoid pain and is concerned with pleasure; it operates on the pleasure principle. It consists of the basic biological needs such as: the need to eat, the need to be close to someone etc. The demands of id normally operate outside our conscious awareness. Soon, a child learns that not all his needs can be gratified so it accepts the reality. At that time a new part of personality develops: the ego (Latin, I in English) and it operates on the reality principle. It is the executive of the personality: it makes decisions, plans andShow MoreRelatedhumun being1420 Words   |  6 PagesPsychoanalytic Therapy Freud’s views continue to influence contemporary practice.Many of his basic concepts are still part of the foundation on which other theorists build and develop.Some extended the psychoanalytic model, others modified its concepts and procedures, and others emerged as a reaction against it. Freud initially shaped psychotherapy by calling attention to psychodynamic factors that motivate behavior, by focusing on the role of the unconscious, and by developingRead MoreThe Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality903 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Personality Theories Introduction In psychology, personality can be described as the the patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion unique to an individual, and the ways they interact to help or hinder the adjustment of a person to other people and situations (personality, 2012). Psychologists may make use of idiographic or nomothetic techniques in order to study personality of an individual. Many characteristics of human behavior can be examined while studying ones personality. To putRead MoreCompare and Contrast Psychoanalytic and Person-Centered Therapies2470 Words   |  10 Pagesand Contrast Paper Compare and Contrast: Psychoanalytic and Person-Centered Therapies Leslie A. White Central Missouri State University ` The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the differences and similarities associated with Carl Roger’s Client-centered theory and Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory. The focus of the comparisons will fall into the three main topic areas: that of optimal personality development, that of the nature of problem formation, andRead MorePsychoanalytic, Jungian, and Individual Psychology Theories Essay988 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic, Jungian, and Individual Psychology Theories When the word classical is used, images of things developed long ago with their traditional styles and ideas come to mind. They are perceived today as outdated and not as effective. Classical models of psychotherapy although deemed outdated, still have relevance in today’s practice of understanding human behavior. Psychotherapy is a science and art that was established back in the 1800’s with its own style and ideas. Classical modelsRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of Two Counselling Theories : Existential Therapy And Psychoanalytic Therapy2004 Words   |  9 Pages A Critical Analysis of Two Counselling Theories: Existential Therapy and Freudian Psychoanalytic Therapy Kavya Raj, 25183834 PSY3120: Introduction to Counselling Due: Thursday 16th October 2014 Theories within psychotherapy guide interactions between the therapist and client, providing a process by which the client can come to understand and resolve their problems. However, these theories can often be conflicting with opposing techniques and goals. Existential therapy is best consideredRead MoreComparing the Unconscious and Consciousness Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesspecialized functions of integrating patterns of sensory experience and organizing motor patterns and that the ascending reticular system represents the neural structures most critically related to consciousness. The brainstem reticular formation should not, however, be called the seat of consciousness. It represents an integrative focus, functioning through its widespread interconnections with the cortex and other regions of the brain. Unconscious also called Subconscious, the complex of mentalRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Main Principles in Any Two of the Followingpsychological Therapies: Psychoanalysis, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy or Humanistic Therapy1584 Words   |  7 Pagescontrast the main principles in any two of the followingPsychological therapies: psychoanalysis, behavior therapy, cognitive therapy or humanistic therapy.† Over the detritus of centuries, mental illnesses (such as anxiety, depression and personality disorder) have been a major contentious topic, especially in the medieval times in which religion centered, cultural and traditional influenced people deemed these exhibiting symptoms of psychopathology as demonic possessions (Davey, 2011). It wasRead MoreImplications for Education Using Frueds Theory2005 Words   |  9 PagesFeuds theory [pic] Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 in Moravia, a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire known until recently as Czechoslovakia. His home was Vienna where he studied and practiced medicine until 1938 when Austria was annexed by the Nazis.   With the Nazi annexation of Austria he went into exile in England and died in London in 1939. Freud made a great contribution to psychology and learning theory with his discovery of the emotional nature of unconscious motivations. His personality theoryRead MoreComparing and Contrasting Psychoanalytic and Existential/Humanistic Perspectives4364 Words   |  18 PagesThis essay is about comparing and contrasting two out of the eight personality theories commonly used to decipher one’s personality. Those two are the psychoanalytic perspective and the existential/humanistic perspective. Both perspectives are equally important as they play a major role in understanding personality in different ways and explaining them as well. Freud’s psychoanalysis helps us to understand the individual’s personality from its early years right up to adulthood while existential andRead MoreSnapshot1702 Words   |  7 Pagesand psychopathology. Freuds theories became very well-known, largely because they tackled subjects such as sexuality, repression, and the unconscious min d as general aspects of psychological development. These were largely considered taboo subjects at the time, and Freud provided a catalyst for them to be openly discussed in polite society. While Freud is perhaps best known for his tripartite model of the mind, consisting of the id, ego, and superego, and his theories about the Oedipus complex, his

Cash flow analysis Free Essays

The company’s cash flows from operating activities were inadequate to cover depreciation and dividend payments from FYI to IFFY. This indicates that HEAD Banks cash flow engine is not generating enough cash to keep the company whole for those three years. However, the company generated excess cash in IFFY, which was used for growth and investment purposes. We will write a custom essay sample on Cash flow analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thus, the cash flow engine is not very powerful. However, it is showing signs of recovery in the recent years. Pinpointing the Good News and the Bad News The capital expenditure shows an increasing trend and is around 1 . Xx of appreciation. In addition, it made significant investment in subsidiaries and Joint-ventures, which is another growth indicators. However, these indicators have not remained consistent throughout. Such investments were only made in FYI 1 and IFFY. HEAD Bank has consistently borrowed from other banks in the form of term deposits and demand deposits to pay dividends and for capital expenditure. This can be considered as a bad news because it doesn’t have sufficient cash flow from operating activities. Puzzle Since the company is operating in the Banking and Finance Industry, Reserve Bank of India norms mandate that the company hold a large proportion of cash along with significant deposits with the RIB (CAR and SSL norms) in order to maintain liquidity. The cash and bank balances held by the company has ranged from xx to xx of their net income. Earlier, we identified a few unusual line items, which are explained as under: In IFFY, RIB increased policy rates by 1 . 75% and Rib’s borrowings against SSL increased by almost 270%. After adjusting for this, cash flow from operating activities shows a positive figure in IFFY. In the cash flow from operating activities, the cash used in distributing loans advances as well as making investments (operating activity since it is a bank) exceed the cash generated from increase in deposits. This has resulted in a negative cash flow from operating activities in 3 out of 5 years. This requires the company to seek outside sources for funding such as financial borrowings from other banks and financial institutions. This may not necessarily be a negative sign if the returns from operating activities exceed the net borrowing costs and hence reaping the benefits of leverage. Housing Development Finance Corporation How to cite Cash flow analysis, Papers

Business Sustainability Performance †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Business Sustainability Performance. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of strategic operations management is to help and support the business organizations to increase the overall performance. In order to achieve strategic operations successfully, the business organizations need to consider efficiency and flexibility. The strategic operations management consists of competitive business approaches and moves to ensure successful business performance. This helps the organizations to define the mission and vision of the business by setting accurate objectives and implementing and executing suitable strategies. The fact that everything is done strategically, defines the success of the operations management. This report emphasizes on identifying and analyzing the operations of the organization named Tindo Solar by considering the value chain of the organization. The report also includes the inbound and outbound logistics of the company and its effect on the customers. Tindo Solar is a solar panel manufacturing company based in Adelaide, Australia. Tindo Solar is a national company that designs and manufactures solar panel products strictly based on the Australian conditions. The products manufactured by the company are of superior-quality due to which the products are highly preferable among the customers. The solar panels manufactured by the company require minimal maintenance thereby, making the products cost-effective for the customers. Due to technological advancements, the company has incorporated the latest features in the solar panel products. Therefore, the solar panel products manufactured by Tindo Solar are highly automated and technologically advanced. By considering the present market trend, the company has made required amendments and inclusions in terms of technology in the products. As a result, the solar panels by Tindo Solar are highly preferable within the market and the customers. Moreover, the company provides various service o ptions to the customers such as easy finance and installation along with the installation charge as low as $2000. Furthermore, the company provides more than 20 years as guarantee period thereby, making it more reliable for the customers[1]. Day-to-day operation of Tindo Solar In order to run a business successfully, it is essential for the business organizations to conduct certain operations strategically. This helps in maintaining the track of the various strategic activities conducted for successful business operations. Settings goals timely and the ability of the business organizations to manage the vicissitudes of the daily operations of the business highlight the backbone of the business[2]. Therefore, effective management of the daily operations of Tindo Solar includes managing finances, operation planning, protection of business, benchmarking, supply chain management, management leadership, organizational design and business sustainability[3]. Finance management is a crucial aspect of for Tindo Solar, as this provided opportunity for appropriate financial resource management. Financial management is concerned with the acquisition, financing and management of assets thereby, resulting in the success of the business[4]. The business organizations fail to utilize its complete potential for growth and expansion without proper administration and effective utilization of finance. The main factors of financial management include investment decision, financing decision and dividend decision[5]. Therefore, Tindo Solar need to manage the finance of the company to conduct business successfully. By strategically conducting the investment decision, Tindo Solar will be able to determine the total amount of assets required retention by the organization. Secondly, Tindo Solar needs to manage the supply chain effectively as this will allow the organization for effective management of network planning, inventory control, distribution strategies, outsourcing and procurement[6]. The supply chain of Tindo Solar will help the organization to integrate the stakeholders from the supplier to the customers. This will also help Tindo Solar in promoting mutual sharing of information among the channel members thereby, helping planning and monitoring of the processes[7]. Co-operation among the channel members are essential for effective management of supply chain by promoting coordinated activities by Tindo Solar. Benchmarking is defined as the continuous systematic process of measuring own output or work process against the toughest competitors in the market[8]. Continuous benchmarking will help Tindo Solar to identify their strengths and weakness and work on it to sustain in the competitive market. As the use of solar panel is highly facilitated In Australia, it is essential for Tindo Solar to continuously compare and contrast their operational strategies with the best in the market. Therefore, this will help Tindo Solar to satisfy the customers better by fulfilling the needs and establishing new standards and goals[9]. Moreover, benchmarking will also motivate the employees of Tindo Solar by challenging them professionally and provide career growth. Ensuring business sustainability will allow Tindo Solar conduct business in Australia without hampering the environment but contributing towards the economy of the country[10]. Business sustainability is an integral part of the corporate risk management, as this allows the business organizations protect the environment while conducting business. Therefore, environmental sustainability for the business of Tindo Solar will provide an opportunity for the company to make responsible business decisions. Considering the nature of work done by Tindo Solar, it is already beneficial for the environment, as it is facilitating the use of solar panels within the people. Therefore, both economic and environmental aspect of the country is benefited due to appropriate business sustainability. Linking to the company operations The concept of lean product management theory is defined as the ability of the business organizations of being less wasteful along with doing things that are big for the country, its economy and the environment[11]. However, lean product management theory does not signify being cheap. Therefore, implementation of lean product management theory will help Tindo Solar to maintain the operations of the company by maintaining their profit level along with being less wasteful. The implementation of lean product management theory allowed the managers of Tindo Solar to get the value of the products to the market rapidly. The use of solar panels is highly preferable among the Australian population. Based on the increasing demand for the use of solar panels among the population, the managers of Tindo Solar has served the market. The company began its operation in 2003 and since then has been able to grow their business and customers base successfully. The organization has even opened its branches in Melbourne since the organization began conducting business. The use of this theory has helped Tindo Solar to penetrate the market into the half. Market penetration helped Tindo Solar in working towards the goal instead of building arbitrarily. According to the theory, the managers of Tindo Solar are able to explore the problems rather than emphasizing solely on the requirements. After evaluating the market, the managers came to know about the requirement of the customers. The customers were also encountering issues in terms of maintaining electricity and paying huge bills. Therefore, the company was able to explore the problems of the customers and gather to required features for solving the problem. The company started manufacturing and installing solar panels for the customers thereby, ensuring both solar and environmental help. The company also emphasized on spreading awareness among the people regarding the diverse application of solar panels along with low maintenance and fewer electricity bills. Sustainability of the business operations of the company Ensuring business sustainability will allow Tindo Solar conduct business in Australia without hampering the environment but contributing towards the economy of the country[12]. Business sustainability is an integral part of the corporate risk management, as this allows the business organizations protect the environment while conducting business. Therefore, environmental sustainability for the business of Tindo Solar will provide an opportunity for the company to make responsible business decisions. Considering the nature of work done by Tindo Solar, it is already beneficial for the environment, as it is facilitating the use of solar panels within the people. Therefore, both economic and environmental aspect of the country is benefited due to appropriate business sustainability. The demand of using solar power panel in Australia has increased over the years due to the adverse environmental impact of the conventional electricity system[13]. The heating and cooling machines and systems contribute adversely towards the environment. Therefore, ensuring business sustainability will allow Tindo Solar to manage financial, environmental and social opportunities and obligations appropriately. It has been seen that in order to progress and compete, the business organizations are undertaking strategies without considering the adverse environmental impact. Global warming is one of the biggest examples of such negligence[14]. One of the sustainable business strategies undertaken by Tindo Solar is that the company has taken the initiative of going green with the commercial solar panel in Adelaide and Melbourne[15]. According to the rules and policies of the Australian Government, it is important for the organizations to produce energy from renewable resources[16]. The main motive of Tindo Solar is to produce residential and commercial energy to the people from sunlight. The company installs solar panels on the roofs and ground of the premises in such a way that direct sunlight falls on the panels. The photons of the sunlight then reach the panels and the photovoltaic tubes help in transferring it into useable energy. The use of solar panels for both commercial and residential is beneficial for the environment. The use of solar panels are beneficial are it is one of the renewable producers of energy. Solar panels can be used in all parts that receive sunlight[17]. The use of solar panel as the source of energy completely mitigates the chances of power or electricity cut. Moreover, solar panels can be used as long as sunlight is present in the environment. Therefore, this is a sustainable business approach used by the Tindo Solar that is beneficial for the country, its people and the environment. The solar panels provided by Tindo Solar have diverse applications but low maintenance costs thereby, making the use extremely profitable and beneficial for the environment and the company. The customers using solar panels only need to keep the panels clean and has no other maintenance costs[18]. Moreover, Tindo Solar provides a warranty period of more than 20 years for the products they install thereby, m aintaining sufficient environmental, social and financial sustainability. Conclusion In this report, it can be concluded that Tindo Solar needs to implement strategic operations management for conducting business successfully. Tindo Solar energy is a solar company based in Adelaide, Australia. It is important for the company to manage the strategic operations in terms of financial management, benchmarking, supply chain and sustainability appropriately. The use of lean product management theory will help the organization to maintain the operational management of the product. The use of this theory helped Tindo Solar to manufacture products with huge benefit but not cheap. Moreover, Tindo Solar has a sustainable approach towards the environment of the country, as the company primarily emphasizes on the manufacturing of solar panels and installing them. This is a huge initiative undertaken by the company, as the solar panels have diverse applications and low maintenance costs. In addition to, the company also provides more than 20 years of warranty on their products the reby, ensuring financial and social sustainability. References Amigoni, Francesco, et al. "Competitions for benchmarking: task and functionality scoring complete performance assessment." IEEE Robotics Automation Magazine 22.3 (2015): 53-61. Azevedo, Susana G., et al. "Influence of green and lean upstream supply chain management practices on business sustainability." IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 59.4 (2012): 753-765. Bansal, Pratima, and Mark R. DesJardine. "Business sustainability: It is about time." Strategic Organization 12.1 (2014): 70-78. Christiansen, Ulrik, Annemette Kjrgaard, and Rasmus Koss Hartmann. "Working in the shadows: Understanding ERP usage as complex responsive processes of conversations in the daily practices of a Special Operations Force." Scandinavian Journal of Management 28.2 (2012): 173-184. Christopher, Martin. Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK, 2016. Gao, Jijun, and Pratima Bansal. "Instrumental and integrative logics in business sustainability." Journal of Business Ethics 112.2 (2013): 241-255. Heps, Vidar, et al. "Integrated Environmental Monitoring in Daily Operations." SPE Intelligent Energy International. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. Kayser, Mark Andreas, and Michael Peress. "Benchmarking across borders: electoral accountability and the necessity of comparison." American Political Science Review 106.3 (2012): 661-684. Matta, Andrea, et al. "Modelling home care organisations from an operations management perspective." Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal 26.3 (2014): 295-319. Ng, Anthony C., and Zabihollah Rezaee. "Business sustainability performance and cost of equity capital." Journal of corporate finance 34 (2015): 128-149. Poksinska, Bozena, Dag Swartling, and Erik Drotz. "The daily work of Lean leaderslessons from manufacturing and healthcare." Total Quality Management Business Excellence 24.7-8 (2013): 886-898. Slawinski, Natalie, and Pratima Bansal. "Short on time: Intertemporal tensions in business sustainability." Organization Science 26.2 (2015): 531-549. 'Solar For Business' (Tindosolar.com.au, 2017) https://www.tindosolar.com.au/commercial-solar-panels-adelaide-n-melbourne/ accessed 31 August 2017 Stadtler, Hartmut. "Supply chain management: An overview." Supply chain management and advanced planning. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. 3-28. 'Tindo Solar ' (Tindosolar.com.au, 2017) https://www.tindosolar.com.au/ accessed 31 August 2017.

The Jungle (1390 words) Essay Example For Students

The Jungle (1390 words) Essay The JungleThe JungleBy Upton SinclairThe Jungle portrays the lower ranks of the industrial world as the scene of a naked struggle for survival. Where workers not only are forced to compete with each other but, if they falter, are hard pressed to keep starvation from their door and a roof over their heads. With unions weak and cheap labor plentiful, a social Darwinist state of the survival of the fittest exists. The real story revolves around the integration and eventual disintegration of Jurgis Rudkis and his family, Lithuanian immigrants who move to the Chicago stockyards in hopes of a better life. Unfortunately, their hopes quickly disintegrate; like thousands of other unskilled immigrants at the turn of the century, financial necessity forces them into virtual slave labor in order to survive. For Jurgis and his family, the slave master is the ruthless and greedy meat packing industry, whose leaders value their workers no more than the animals they slaughter. We will write a custom essay on The Jungle (1390 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Jungle shows the relationship between the animals that were being slaughtered and the workers who were slaughtering them, from very early in the novel. It compares the workers to the animals who are penned up and killed every day in the stockyards, which are moved along on conveyer belts by machinery that cares nothing for their individual desires. In the monotonous killing of each of the hogs, They had done nothing to deserve it; and it was adding insult to injury, as the thing was done here, swinging them up in this cold blooded, impersonal way, without a pretense of apology without the homage of a tear.(Pg. 35) The key comparison is the condition of the workingmen; as cold, efficient machinery assimilates them, a blind fate swallows them up. A few of the men are even swallowed up literally when they would fall into huge vats and emerges as Durhams Pure Leaf Lard. (Pg. 99) The Jungle also shows precisely how wounded, diseased, and pregnant animals are turned into food under jus t the same unhealthy conditions that soon leave healthy men wounded and diseased; There was no heat upon the killing beds; the men might as well have worked out of doors all winter?. On the killing beds you were apt to be covered with blood, and it would freeze solid; if you leaned against a pillar, you would freeze to that, and if you put your hand upon the blade of your knife, you would run a chance of leaving your skin on it. (Pg. 79 ; 80) Grotesque injuries were inevitable, injuries for which the company would rarely take responsibility. While a man was laid up his family could starve or freeze to death, and after a series of such injuries, if he survived, he would be too crippled to go on doing the work. When Jurgis is healthy and overflowing with life, he gets a job immediately. When he becomes an empty husk of his former self he is reduced to beggary. Even among beggars he finds a jungle of savage competition, in which the truly needy are often at a disadvantage. And each of them had an individuality of his own, a will of his own, a hope and a hearts desire; each was full of self-confidence, of self-importance, and a sense of dignity. (Pg. 35) Here is another part of the story that shows the relationship between the animals and the people of packing town. Immigrants with peasant backgrounds, and even migrants from Americas own rural regions, are especially ill equipped to survive the urban jungle because of their stubborn individualism. Jurgis relies on his own strong back to carry his family, to cope with inhuman work, but he simply becomes a screw in the industrial machine, to be discarded as soon as he shows the signs of being broken. Jurgis and his family are desperate to own something, to be on their own, to make them feel more apart of their new country. To try to make their American dreams come true. .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 , .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .postImageUrl , .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 , .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:hover , .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:visited , .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:active { border:0!important; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:active , .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500 .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucba58510f38e1812125fab4c4d2ea500:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Meet John Doe: Fighting for Social Integrity EssayAnd trusting and strong in faith he had gone about his business, the while a black shadow hung over him and a horrid fate waited in his pathway. (Pg. 35) Jurgis and his family tried as much as they possibly could to hold on to their hopes and dreams of truly succeeding in this town. Jurgis was the worst of all of them with his famous saying Leave it to me; leave it to me. I will earn more money- I will work harder. (Pg. 19) Even after Grandmother Majauszkiene told the family about the history of the house they lived in. How each of the families came in with the same hopes and dreams. Each time only being crushed by the jung le that they lived in. (pg. 65) Jurgis and his family were not going to give up they were going to be the ones who defeated the odds that were up against them. They were going to rise on top of this whole mess and live to tell the stories of the way it used to be. Each of them not realizing what they were in for, not knowing what the jungle had up its sleeve. Now suddenly it had swooped upon him, and had seized him by the leg. Relentless, remorseless it was; all his protests, his screams, were nothing to it-it did its cruel will with him, as if his wishes, his feelings, had simply no existence at all; it cut his throat and watched him gasp out his life. (Pg. 35) This passage, explaining the brutality of the slaying of the animals in the stockyards, also shows how similar the lives of the workers or the people of packing town were to the animals being killed. The passage also resembles the turning point in Jugis life when everything seems to fall apart. Starting from when Jurgis sprains his ankle and all the cursing and protesting did him nothing. Leaving him paralyzed and helpless from doing any sort of good for his family. Like the thumbscrew of the medieval torture chamber(pg. 109) the jungle starts to squeeze its grip around Jurgis neck when he finds out that the love of his life, Ona, has passed away trying to give birth to her superv isors baby. Then to finish him off, squeezing out his last breathe of air, his son, little Antanas drowns out in the street while playing outside, taking away the only thing left that was precious to him. And now was one to believe that there was nowhere a God of hogs, to whom this hog personality was precious, to whom these hogs squeals and agonies had a meaning? Who would take this hog into his arms and comfort him, reward him for his work well done, and show him the meaning of his sacrifice? (Pg. 36) This passage represents after all Jurgis went through, after all the work, pain, and suffering he has lived there had to be something out there for him. There had to be something to show him the meaning of his sacrifices. It is then that he happens upon a Socialist political meeting. At this point, Jurgis truly is a beaten man. However, when he listens to the political speaker, he finds that he expresses the essence of all his pain and frustration. He takes Socialism to his heart, believing that it is the only political philosophy that can save his kind. They were so innocent, they came so very trustingly; and they were so very human in their protests-and so perfectly within their rights!(Pg. 35) This is exactly how each of the immigrant families came over to America just like the hogs, cattle, sheep and many other animals that came into to the stockyards of Chicago only to find that a shadow of a deadly fate was awaiting their arrival. Each family arrived with hopes and dreams of succeeding in this free country were they could work for honest wages and live peacefully, but with each dream and hope came death and despair. It was a huge rat race, in which it was every man for himself, but not even the strongest could survive in this urban jungle for only the wealthy and corrupt were the ones who made it to the top. Book Reports

Why To Kill a Mockingbird Is Controversial to Some

Why To Kill a Mockingbird Is Controversial to Some There are several reasons that the content of Harper Lees great novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, is sometimes considered so controversial (and inappropriate for young audiences) that it is banned, challenged, as well as removed from school/library lists and shelves. Racial Injustice The topic of prejudice, discrimination, and out-and-out cruel hatred is not always a topic that we like to discuss with our children. After all, we want children to remain innocent, to be removed and protected from the injustices, unfairness, cruelty, and fear that so often prevails in this world. Children learn all-to-quickly that society is filled with goodness and kindness (or at least thats the hope), but theres also a great deal of evil, bullying and all the worst unkindness in human nature.  To Kill a Mockingbird explores both aspects of humanity. Theres the life-and-death struggle of an innocent black man against the discrimination and barbarity thats not only evident in the actions of their fellow townspeople but also in the pervasive prejudices of the legal system. Atticus is the only man who is brave enough to stand up against the mob-rule, in an effort to ensure that justice is served! He knows that the ignorance that prevails could cost him his life (and/or everything he holds dear), but the pursuit of justice and the defense of innocence is (to him) worth anything he could face. He is not deterred. Sexual Violence Although the lies that are told related to the rape are not explicit in nature, theres still the fact that Mayella Ewell put blame on Tom Robinson for a horrible violation. The indictment is completely fabricated, but even the claim of rape troubles some readers. For some parents, teachers and other gateways to reading, the topic of violation (even in an abstract sense) is unacceptable for school-age children. Physical Violence Its difficult to feel sorry for Mayella because we know what her claims mean to Tom (and to Atticus, as he attempts to defend an innocent man). We may dislike what shes saying (and doing), we come to some acceptance of the psychology of the poor, abused girl; she would do or say anything (in her fearful and browbeaten state). In addition to the abuse that Mayella experiences at the hand of her father, physical violence are brought to bear upon Atticus and his children. In their anger and ignorance, the townspeople attempt to use violence and fear; to control Atticus.Atticus refuses to back down. He refuses to allow an innocent man to falsely convicted and imprisoned, without at least a fight. Atticus says: Courage is not a man with a gun in his hand. Its knowing youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do.   Heres another interesting question; how would the novel be different without controversial topics (and events)? Imagine what the book would be like if they sanitized the novel.

History 1118 United States History and Culture Term Paper

History 1118 United States History and Culture - Term Paper Example Here, the law allows for two senators for each state in the United States. In addition, the minimum term allowed by law to all senates is six years, with each senate having one vote. This part of the US constitution also has a provision that the senators will be elected into office by the specific legislatures of the state in which they seek rulership. Nonetheless, the 17 amendment has the same provisions like those in the article one, section three, except one difference with regard to the method of election for the senators. Therefore, while the number of senators, number of votes, and term of office is similar in both cases, the 17th amendment considers popular vote or electors as the main method of election of senators. In addition, the 17th amendment included that each senator seeking office must meet certain qualifications, including specific age and residency qualifications (Gailmard 324). Nonetheless, this amendment is responsible for various changes in the United States. Bef ore the 17th amendment, the constitution of the United States had specified that only the legislatures of a senate would elect a senator. Therefore, the American citizens did not participate in the election of their senators. However, beginning the mid 1850’s this election system of senators by the government began to raise concerns among the American citizens, who felt they were being excluded from this important practice. Meanwhile, in 1866, in order to control this election approach, the US Congress passed a law, which was considered the main influence of the 17th amendment. However, this law did not change the election method of senators, thus was less useful, as most people wanted to be involved in voting in their senators. In the year 1893, the proposal for constitutional amendment in favour of direct elections of senators was first made. However, for a long time, this was not implemented, despite it being proposed every year. In 1903, this proposal was made in the US C ongress, but the senate rejected it. However, in May 1912, the Congress passed direct elections of senators as the 17th amendment, and had it ratified in April 1913. Apart from allowing for direct elections of senators, it also allowed for a way of replacing senators, when the senate seat became vacant before the end of a term (Gailmard 324). As seen the government of the United States only allowed the legislatures in a state to elect the senator of their state. Various parties, including the founding fathers who wrote the constitution, as well as President James Madison, influenced this decision. In 1787, various delegates from different states were invited to Philadelphia to attend the Constitutional Convention meant to improve various confederation articles. James Madison attended and kept he took notes during the convention. From Madison’s notes, it is possible to understand the main reasons why the founding fathers, who created the US constitution, were opposed to a Cong ress made up of a single house, thus, supporting the senate. In addition, one might understand why the founding fathers were of the opinion that state legislatures, and not the majority, elect senators. Nonetheless, deciding that state legislatures appoint senators was in a bid to prevent or avoid the election of unethical or incompetent individuals into the senate. The founding fathers

Ferdinand Toennies's Gemeinschaft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ferdinand Toennies's Gemeinschaft - Essay Example There are several that I can envision on the corporate front such as security exchanges and the like, but I think that the best example of Gesellschaft is the city of New York. New York City is an organization in that it is a municipality. Thus while governmentally organized, it is a Gesellschaft as proposed by Toennies. (Kirvisto 89). New York City is a large, urban society, in which social bonds are based on impersonal and specialized relationships, with little long-term commitment to the group or consensus on values. Relationships are based on achieved statuses, and interactions among people are both rational and calculated. This is evidenced by the interactions of brokers on Wall Street, the advertising industry and even the penal system. He who makes the highest dollar attains the highest status. This is precisely what Toennies predicted would happen which is why his preference was towards the Gemeinschaft. (Kristovo 89).

Improving Listening for Communication Skills

Improving Listening for Communication Skills   Listening guidelines for myself for improving this important and necessary skill Introduction: Listening may be defined as the process of receiving, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding to verbal [spoken or written]and/or nonverbal messages (DeVito p.148). Listening is vital in the business world and is one of the most important and most valued communication skill we can have because at work we spend most of our times listening to co-workers, supervisors, and managers. Poor listening is inevitable and the good news is that listening can be improved through training. 1. How can I improve my listening skills in work situations to improve my overall performance? In todays workplace if we are going to function effectively in increase our overall performance we need to listen. In work situations one of the ways I can improve my listening skills is by improving my listening ability by strengthening the skills needed at each step of the listening process such as attention and concentration (receiving), learning(understanding), memory(remembering), critical thinking(evaluation), and competence in giving feedback (responding) (DeVito p. 148-149). I can face the speaker and maintain good eye-contact (a sign of honesty and a basic ingredient for effective communication). I can then start being attentive. Attentive means to be present, to pay and give attention to the speakers verbal and nonverbal messages. Understanding requires that I learn what the speaker means. I dont interrupt and I dont offer solutions if I am not being asked to. It is always polite to wait for the person that speaks to pause if clarifying questions need to be asked. These questions need to be used only to endure understanding. Also, if I want to communicate feedback I ask permission to do so. At work is imperative at the end of a message to rephrase in my own words what I heard to make sure I understood correctly the meaning of the message. Effective listening depends on remembering. (DeVito p.152) Taking notes and sometimes recording the message can be helpful with remembering the message. Evaluating is useful after a message has been clearly understood. Responding happens in two phases: immediate feedback responses that I make while speaker is still talking and delayed feedback- responses that I make after the speaker has stopped talking. 2. How can I improve my listening behaviors with a significant other? Personally, we want partners who listen to us. If we are to understand what a person means and what a personal is feeling, you need to listen with some degree of empathy, the feeling of anothers feelings. (Rogers, 1970) At home I can improve my listening behaviors with a significant other by engaging actively in the following behaviors: communicate a clear willingness to listen (DeVito p.162). First, I need to let my spouse know that I am open to listen to his thoughts and feelings. Create an atmosphere of openness and trust because this help my significant other with self-disclosing revealing information about himself that might be difficult to communicate. When listening to my spouse it is important that I look directly to him and I position my body towards him. In close intimate relationships, the emphatic style is the preferred mode of listening and depending on the situations nonjudgmental, active and depth could also be used. Emphatic listening allows me to understand my spouses meaning of the message the way he sees it and the way he feels it. It is essential that I echo his nonverbal expressions to demonstrate that I understand and feel my spouses thoughts and feelings. Lastly, it is desirable at the end of a message to give positive feedback and ask questions. It is important that I state to him in clear and honest language what I liked about his message, to stress my good intentions and to mention areas of agreement or disagreement. Asking questions is helpful in case I need to secures additional information and to reaffirm my interest and concern for my spouse. Research shows that practicing these behaviors and especially engaging in emphatic listening helps me to enhance my relationship (Barrett Godfrey, 1988; Snyder, 1992). 3. How can I improve my listening skills with a child? Every parent knows that parenting is hard work. When I became a mother, I realized that I have not always displayed the best listening skills with my son Daniel. Over the years through instruction and practice I have improved my listening skills. Here are the most significant ones that I have found useful and rewarding: it is crucial to let the child know that you are interested in listening to what he/she needs to communicate. Avoid all distraction and fully tune your attention and your body to all his/her verbal and nonverbal communication. Physically get down to the childs level and bring active, emphatic and objective listening styles listening to them and their messages. From a childs prospective it is necessary to feel that the parent is seen as a base to which they can always return when they need help and support. In my experience, whenever I use these types of listening I communicate to my child that he is a valuable person worthy of my time and attention. I also demonstrate that I appreciate, feel, and see his world through his own eyes instead of my own and that I can walk in his shoes and feel the way he feels. Acceptance is paramount here. This is a special time when the child gets to express without being interrupted or judged. It is crucial for parents to do this because they get to create a caring and loving relationship with the child and a positive and supportive environment for their child to grow. 4. How can improve my listening skills with someone I dislike, but need to communicate with? Sometime I encounter a situation where I need to communicate with someone that I make up I dislike. How can I improve my listening skills in these types of situations? Polite listening style is essential here. Politeness may be signaled through listening (Fukushima, 2000). To start I can accept the reality that I need to communicate with this person and the dislike is more about me and is not about the other person. Next, I need to scan my body language that could leak out my attitude. Listening with curiosity and with intent to learn also helps. Show empathy with the speaker. Show that I understand the speakers thoughts and feelings by echoing the feelings of the speaker. (DeVito p.162). The goal here is not to agree with him/her, but to assess what they are trying to express. Finally, give the person consistent feedback to show that I am attentive and they are being listened to. Conclusion: Great communicators are great listeners. Listening is a vital component in communication and in interpersonal communication because it helps us know others. After carefully reading chapter 6 and completing this assignment I come to believe that to improve my relationships with others and increase my overall performance at school or work I must participate in cultivating proven and effective listening skills. This requires effort, openness and a willingness to change a few unhealthy habits with new ones. It is self-evident that by developing a daily practice my relationships and life can benefit increasing my chances of becoming likeable, loveable, friendly and agreeable, and these are all qualities I value and consider worth changing for. Works Cited: DeVito, Joseph A. (2016) The Interpersonal Communication Book 14th edition: Boston: Pearson Education, Inc Barrett, L., Godfrey, T. (1988). Listening. Person Centered Review 3 (November), 410-425

Pertaining to psychology Essay

An article in Psychology Today regarding the concepts of alcoholism as a hereditary factor is analyzed and discussed with attributes to scientific facts and statistical claims. Written by the Psychology Today staff, the article; Is It In The Genes? Driven to drink: Does alcoholism run in the family?, begins by proclaiming that 60% of alcoholics have at least on alcoholic parent. Given this number, the question is then raised as to whether the â€Å"disease† is caused by â€Å"wayward genes or lost dreams.† Though claimed as a mystery, the article foreshadows an answer by stating that studies say both sides may be right. The article states that investigators have concluded that there are two types of alcoholics among men – those with beginnings to alcohol abuse before the age of 25, and those whose disease progresses at later periods in life. Of these two types, those with the early beginnings are more inclined to have incidence of family related alcoholism, which suggests a genetic predisposition. Astonishingly, this particular group is stated to comprise 40% of the estimated million male alcoholics in the United States. Not surprising however, this group is most commonly associated with violent behavior. On the other end of the scale, the men who have shown to become alcoholic later in life show a commonality of less family involvement. Their abuse is attributed more to a sought relief from stress and/or anxiety. Given these results, and the possibility of genetic predispositions, many research studies have been conducted in an effort to single out a common chromosomal defect. Fingers have been pointed at a gene which affects the ability of brain cells to respond to dopamine, which is believed to be a reason that alcoholics abuse alcohol – an unaware effort to boost dopamine levels. Other beliefs sway toward what is called a â€Å"mean gene† that impairs the proper actions of serotonin, a chemical stimulant in the brain. As these studies and the researchers who have concluded them debate about the actual culprit, a recent opinion has been declared by Frederick K. Goodwin, M.D. who is the head of the National Institute of Mental Health. Per the article, Goodwin states that there may be more than one single gene involved with alcoholism, much the same as with diabetes. Goodwin also believes that future research may conclude a common genetic predisposition to a complete host of addictions of any range. In sum, Goodwin believes there may be a common thread among all addicts, but that specific characteristics may perpetuate certain cases. Pertaining to psychology, this article is a fantastic way of raising the questions of psychological issues in addiction. It contradicts the actuality that alcoholism, or addiction altogether, is strictly a sect of the psyche which can be overcome through psychological treatment. This article gives simple, yet concise examples and statistics which proclaim the possibility of hereditary predispositions to alcohol addiction, thus ruling out a strong possibility of psychological defect. Though it could be argued that a psychological predisposition could be genetically evident, the concepts of hereditary factors appear to be more supportive of genetic makeup and not learned behavior, which is a common belief toward alcoholism in European societies. This article is very informative of the most recent approaches toward the diagnostics of alcoholism, and as to where the modern understandings of its illness are derived. In conclusive reaction, this particular article is educational to those who are both aware of the dynamics and characteristics of alcoholics and those completely ignorant of the issue. I am pleased with its content, directive, and overall conveyance of matter. BIBLIOGRAPHY: The PT Staff;   Psychology Today – Is It In the Genes? Driven to drink: Does alcoholism run in the family? Sussex Publishers, LLC 2006

Child Labor Paper Essay

Child labor reached new heights during the Industrial Revolution. Due to this, it lead to an increase in the â€Å"percentage of children ten to fifteen years of age who were gainfully employed. Although the official figure of 1.75 million significantly understates the true number, it indicates that at least 18 percent of these children were employed in 1900. In southern cotton mills, 25 percent of the employees were below the age of fifteen, with half of these children below age twelve† (History). Businesses forced children to work excessive hours in dangerous factory conditions with minimal payment. At an attempt to combat child labor a few steps were taken. The creation of new technologic machinery limited the need for children to fulfill tasks. In addition, businesses required higher levels of education in order to be even considered for the job. Congress created the child labor law in 1938 as another way to combat this issue. Although child labor has mostly been eliminate d it still poses a problem in other areas throughout the world, especially in developing countries. For example, in China children between the ages of 5 and 17 are being taken advantage of through what their government calls â€Å"Educational Labor.† This means that schools would have the ability to make their students grow and harvest crops, but instead most schools â€Å"abuse this law and they end up forcing the children to do a heavy amount of labor† (Sites). The ILO’s Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor recently submitted their estimates that 211 million children, or 18 % of children aged 5-14, are economically active worldwide. The two major components of this statistic is Asia, which consists of 60% those working children and Africa, which has 23% child labor. Non-governmental organization, commonly referred to as NGO’s, strongly disapprove of child labor and engage in strong efforts in order to give the children their freedom. They view it as a just act and most people would agree, but they do not think of the negative aspects that arise when the children are no longer employed. As a result, the children and family members go hungry, since they heavily rely on their employment to contribute to the family’s well-being. Additionally, once the NGO’s shut down the sweatshops there are no further actions taken afterwards. Meaning nothing is done in order to ensure the children are taken care of, go back to school, or financially compensated. They simply celebrate the factory closing as a victory and do not realize the big picture. history.com/topics/child-labor sites.google.com/a/tapa.tp.edu.tw/modern-day-slavery/child-labor/child-labor-in-china

Learn More About Conjugations for the Italian Verb Cantare